Outcomes

1. It covers a study of short-term assets, inventories, long-term assets, current liabilities, the partnership and corporate form of ownership, long-term liabilities, the statement of cash-flows, financial statement analysis, and long-term investments. By the end of this module a student will be able to understand and work with the accounts of a variety of business entities. Accounting 202, 15 credits (core): This module continues the work performed in Accountancy 101 and
2. It covers a study of managerial accounting including cost allocations for activity-based costing and product costing, cost-volume-profit analysis, variable costing, budgeting, standard costing operating and capital decision making analysis. By the end of this module a student should be able to demonstrate the ability to keep the accounts of a simple business entity, and to read and grasp the essence of the accounts of a variety of more complex business entities with sufficient accuracy to be able to take appropriate managerial decisions. Business and Society 101, 15 credits (fundamental): This module constitutes an introductory study of the impact of societal influences and ethical considerations on business decision-making. Topics will include-business ethics### corporate responsibility and accountability### income inequality### price controls and subsidies### management and labour### ethnicity and business### women in business### non-profit organisations### business and activism. At the conclusion of the module students will be expected to be able to analyse and evaluate current changes in work and society in a broad disciplinary and conceptual framework, and to identify and trace in relation to business management the major forces for change in society, with special reference to their current manifestations and trends. Business Communication 102, 15 credits (fundamental): This module focuses on the presentation of concepts in a concise, complete manner in memos, letters and reports. Topics dealt with include composing, editing and revising reports and proposals, and other business-related communications including resumes and letters of application. The module also addresses reading skills, including the comprehension and evaluation of challenging materials. At the conclusion of the module students will be expected to be able to read and clearly understand business communications in their fields, and to write clear and precise business communications in a variety of forms. Business Information Systems 201, 15 credits (core): The overriding purpose of this module is to give students the theoretical underpinning they need to link together their knowledge of business environments and the use of IT in business, but the student will also be expected to develop her or his practical computer skills. Topics will include the systems development life cycle (SDLC)### security### backup### networks### an introduction to programming### further spreadsheets### the nature and use of data-management systems for administrators and end-users### principles of sound data management### word-processing### and the internet. At the end of the module the student will be able to discuss typical IT solutions for practical business, to outline the electronic tools which help managers to manage, and to describe the issues involved in operating a secure, legal IT environment. Students will be also able to use a word-processing package, and to plan, design, create and use spreadsheets and databases. Business Management 101, 15 credits (core): This module introduces students to the field of study of business management, focusing on the management environment, the management process, and the evolution of management theory. At the conclusion of the module students should be able to understand some of the theoretical content of business management and discuss it critically in relation to certain simple selected situations that might arise in the context of managing a business. Business Management 102, 15 credits (core): This module exposes students to an array of organisational structures and theories in relation to central and strategic management. It also involves students in the study of functional areas of management, including operations management, marketing management, human resource management and financial management. At the end of the module students should be able to understand and discuss organisations and organisational theory, and to propose solutions to a variety of more complex problems that might arise in the course of managing a business. Business Management 201, 15 credits (core): This module will develop students' insight into the nature of business management through consideration of the role of leadership in management, the role of groups and teams, and ways of motivating them. It will also briefly consider the importance of managerial communications and information technology. By the end of the module students should be able to evaluate and critically discuss various modes of management, and display an understanding of some of the factors essential to reaching sound managerial decisions. Business Management 202, 15 credits (core): This module expands a student's knowledge of business management by situating it in a global environment, by considering the development of management strategies especially in relation to change, and the management of information. At the conclusion of this module students should be able to demonstrate a detailed grasp of the nature of business administration in a variety of contexts, especially the global perspective, and to demonstrate the ability to evolve and describe management strategies relating to a variety of aspects of business management. Business Management 301, 15 credits (core): This module will focus students' attention on managing conflict and change in the context of managerial ethics and corporate social responsibility. It will also examine the related topic of industrial relations, with particular reference to the relevant legislative framework. At the conclusion of the module students should be able to demonstrate an understanding of the need to address issues of change and conflict with honesty and sympathy, in the context of the relevant regulatory environment. Business Management 302, 15 credits (core): This module will deal with the notion of an organisational culture, and the elements that go to make up such a culture. It will in that context address the need for management of workforce diversity and the promotion and monitoring of quality in the organisation and its work. At the conclusion of the module students should be able to demonstrate that they have a firm grasp of the elements of organisational culture, and to analyse and make effective recommendations relating to hypothetical situations pertaining to issues in organisational culture. Business Management 310, 15 credits (elective): This module will focus on the nature of entrepreneurship and issues relating to small business management in general. Various related topics will receive attention during the course of the study. These will include topics such as start-up, business plans, finance options, and franchises. At the conclusion of the module students should demonstrate that they are able on paper to set up and run a small business successfully. Economics 102, 15 credits (fundamental): Principles of Microeconomics: This module introduces core definitions, concepts and tools for understanding economics and economic decision-making at the micro level. Students will be able to understand the principles of the market mechanism, the market forces of demand and supply, their elasticities and interactions, and apply them to management and economic problems. Students will also be able to understand basic theories of consumer behaviour, production and costs, market structures, pricing and distribution, including collection bargaining and wage determination across different labour market structures, and apply these to the analysis of managerial situations and decision making. Economics 201, 15 credits (fundamental): Principles of Macroeconomics: This module introduces and develops the concepts of demand, supply, output, income, expenditure and price levels, and requires the student to understand these concepts fully. Students are required to understand the processes and outcomes of macro policy making in South Africa, and their impact on the individual firm. To this end students are required to grasp the circular flow of economic activity in open and closed economies in the context of classical Keynsian and neo-Keynsian theories. Students are required to engage in the debate of growth vs development, and to demonstrate that they can collect elementary secondary/economic data using conventional measures of macroeconomic trends. Students are also required to demonstrate that they can relate macro- to microeconomic factors in reaching management decisions for private firms. Economics 202, 15 credits (core): Monetary and Public Economics: Students are introduced to the concepts of money, money supply, and measures of money. They grasp basic theories of money and the meaning, significance and role of monetary policy, in which context they understand the role of central and commercial banks. Students are thus able to analyse the South African banking structure, and its role and impact on organisations. Students are also made aware of the process, role and impact of monetary policy formulation in South Africa, and are given a brief overview of monetary policies in other countries, of the World Bank, and of the IMF. In the section devoted to Public Economics students understand the meaning and role of fiscal policy and its role in the modern economy. They are required to be able to describe the workings of the fiscal tools such as taxation, expenditure, and borrowing. They are required to be able to analyse the role and impact of fiscal policy in South Africa. Students are also made aware of the processes of lobbying and budget formulation. As a result they should be able to analyse recent national, provincial and local budgets and understand their economic impact on a manager's decision making at the organisational level. Economics 301, 15 credits (core): International Economics: This module explains classical and modern international trade theories so that a student understands the basis of trade and why trade is inevitable. Students are made to understand the problem of comparative cost differences and purchasing power parity, and their relevance in the modern economy. The workings of foreign exchange rates, their determination and fluctuation, and related concepts such as arbitrage, hedging and speculation, are explored with the help of everyday examples. Students are led to an understanding of the implications of foreign trade for the domestic economy through considering the role of imports and exports, their impact on domestic prices, arguments for free or protected trade, and the statement of the balance of payments. Students are expected to be able to analyse different statements of the balance of payments and to understand their impact on the organisation and the work environment. Economics 302, 15 credits (core): Southern Africa in the Global Economy: In this module students become familiar with the local, national, regional and global environment in which the manager and her organisation operate. They are given a statistical description of the Southern African economy in terms of various economic indicators, and are expected to be able to analyse a range of economic issues and problems from a historical, current and futuristic perspective. Students are also required to demonstrate that they have a sufficient grasp of the global economy to be able to analyse its impact on the local economy. Economics 310, 15 credits (elective): Development Economics: Students learn theories and models of economic growth and development with the characteristics of developing and developed economies, from the perspectives of income distribution, poverty, unemployment, population, urbanisation, and foreign aid. Students are thus able to characterise the role of their organisations in the context of the development of national, regional and global economies. Economics 320, 15 credits (elective): Quantitative Economics: Students are taught the use of quantitative methods which include mathematical models, input-output analysis, game theory, constrained optimisation, differentiation, and probability theory in solving decision-making problems with a quantitative perspective. Students are expected to be able to apply this econometric methodology in decision-making at the organisational level. Information Technology 101, 15 credits (fundamental): NB: Students will be required to attend and be awarded a certificate of competence in an appropriate programme offered by a provider of IT education to whom they have physical access. The choice of provider must be approved by MANCOSA. MANCOSA will thereafter accept the provider's certificate of competence issued to the student as satisfying the requirements of this module. The syllabus of a course which may be accredited as fulfilling the requirements of this module will ideally include an introduction of the student to the role that computers play in modern society, fundamental knowledge of the components of a computer and input/output devices, and of the factors determining the acquisition of appropriate computers in business. The student will also be able to demonstrate the possession of skills relating to word-processing, spreadsheets, databases, and the use of networks to a level sufficient to fulfil the requirements of the other modules in this learning programme. Project 300, 30 credits (capstone-core): In this module students undertake a project which provides them with a foundation on which to build future research, though which they are enabled to take rational, informed decisions in their professional lives. Students conduct a research project integrating disciplines and theoretical approaches studied during the course of the programme as a whole. They are expected to base their work on a problematic real or hypothetical department or process in an organisation or firm, to analyse the situation they have selected for attention (demonstrating an ability to work with secondary data, and showing evidence of the ability to conduct an empirical investigation), and to arrive at recommendations for alleviating the situation or improving the productivity of the selected department. The student's work must demonstrate the student's ability: To think and work independently To gain knowledge of and understand a business problem And to apply sound business and economic principles to a work situation. Statistics 102, 15 credits (fundamental): Introduction to Probability and Statistics: The aim of this module is to provide a basic understanding of the quantitative methods used in business. Topics to be dealt with will include population samples, the presentation of data, probability, random variables and their distribution, the point and interval hypothesis, significance tests, regression, and correlation. At the conclusion of this module a student should be able: To appreciate sources of data and survey methods. To summarise data both graphically and by summary statistics. To use appropriate statistics with bivariate data. To understand basic forecasting techniques. To appreciate the use of index numbers. And to use appropriate statistical spreadsheet facilities. Statistics 202, 15 credits (fundamental): Introduction to Estimation Procedures: The aims of this module are to provide a basic understanding of the quantitative methods used in business, and to introduce the topics of business analysis and modelling. Topics to be dealt with include the design of sample surveys, the design of experiments and analysis of variance, sampling, goodness-of-fit tests, and non-parametric statistics. At the conclusion of this module students should be able: To use simple probabilities appropriate to business problems. To apply the binomial and poisson distributions to appropriate business problems. To use standard normal distribution tables. To understand and set up simple confidence intervals. To apply a single sample test to a set of data. And to use appropriate statistical spreadsheet facilities. What outcomes must learners demonstrate overall and in each section? Exit level outcomes are organised into a number of groups which together reflect the work of a competent business manager and which are together tested in the capstone module, the Project. The exit level outcomes relating to electives will apply and be assessed only where students have chosen those electives in completion of the curriculum. The critical outcomes are integrated into the exit level outcomes.
3. Outcomes relating to fundamental learning, where the competencies are not subsumed in core modules that follow: 1.1 Demonstrate the ability to interpret and use numerical and statistical knowledge in facilitating the learner's own further learning and the management of a business (relates to Statistics). 1.2 Demonstrate the ability to read with understanding and to write in such a way that others understand the learner's writing (relates to Communication Skills). 1.3 Demonstrate the ability to display ethical behaviour in business situations. Competence is evident when candidates are able (relates to Ethics).
4. Demonstrate the ability to use and understand conventional accounting processes, and to take appropriate managerial decisions on the basis of such understanding (relates to financial management).
5. Demonstrate the ability to manage the human resource and labour relations functions of a small or medium business organisation (relating to human resource management).
6. Outcomes relating to general management: 4.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the economic context in which businesses are situated, and the ability to relate that context to management functions. 4.2 Demonstrate an understanding of and the ability to manage selected day to day management functions of a business enterprise.
7. Demonstrate an understanding of and the ability to use computerised business information systems in the day-to-day management of a business ( relates to information systems).
8. Demonstrate the ability to perform research in the field of business management and to make appropriate recommendations arising from the research (relates to research).

Assessment Criteria